Glossary of soilrelated terms this glossary seeks to explain in nontechnical language some of the common terminology used by soil scientists. Commonly, such soil formed in recent alluvium or on. The exchange of air in soil with air from the atmosphere. The subjects of this dictionary are most of geological terms but there are many terms that also related with geophysics, biology, astrophysics, and geography. Terms for describing consistence rupture resistance of blocklike specimens pdf. Glossary of soil science terms guidebook for waste and. Aeration, soil the process by which air in the soil is replaced by air from the atmosphere. Glossary of soil science terms guidebook for waste and soil. Department of soil science, reading, united kingdom. Home october 1979 volume 128 issue 4 glossary of soil micromorphology. Glossary of soil science terms for soil evaluators ablation till.
The soil in terms of the interaction of various spheres 1. Soil structure the arrangement of soil particles into clusters, called peds, of various shapes that resemble balls, blocks, columns, or plates. Glossary of soil science terms soil science society of. Glossary of crop science terms crop science society of america. Sep 08, 2008 more than 1800 terms are included in this revised glossary. This edition was published in 1987 by soil science society of america in madison, wisc. Glossary of soil science terms soil science society of america. Pdf the regolith glossary surficial geology, soils and. Home food and agriculture organization of the united nations. Subject matter includes soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation, forest and range soils, nutrient management and soil and plant analysis, mineralogy, wetland soils, and soils and environmental quality. Soil that is deposited by water flowing over flood plains, river valleys, and creek bottoms. Glossary of terms used in soil and landscape science 2 show rapid increases in acidity.
Very small living organisms made of only one cell which are present everywhere the air, the soil, on the skin. Glossary of terms for subaqueous soils, landscapes, landforms, and parent materials of estuaries and lagoons note. For more information, please visit our website at uk. Article as pdf 61 kb article as epub print this article. Alluvium alluvium is a deposit made by a river or running water. A parcel of land, containing 4,840 square yards or 43,560 square feet. The process by which atoms, molecules, or ions are taken up from the soil solution or soil atmosphere and retained on the surfaces of solids by chemical or physical binding. It forms at the surface of land it is the skin of the earth. This situation leads to widespread restrictions on water use.
Appendix 1b glossary definitions are taken directly or adapted. Soils can become more acid under land management systems that have net acid input, such as nitrogen leaching. A glossary of common forestry terms 3 biltmore stick a large rulertype instrument that is used to measure the diameter at breast height dbh and log height of timber in order to estimate board foot volume. Subjects covered include soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation, forest and range soils, nutrient management and soil and plant analysis, mineralogy, wetland soils, and soils and environmental quality.
Soil organic matter is thermodynamically unstable and is part of the natural balance. Terms preceded by an asterisk are subaqueous terms. The following listing includes terms and definitions used in this book for describing soils and solid wastes. It can be accelerated by human activities tillage and animals. Soil erosion is broadly defined as the removal of top soil from the land surface by running water, wind, ice or gravity. Many fine particles held in a single mass or cluster.
Soils with a b2 horizon in which the major part is strongly acid. This term is used as a subgroup distinction for a number of soil orders in the australian soil classification system isbell 1996 acidification. Glossary of soil science terms american society of agronomy. Life science vocabulary terms abiotic nonliving, physical features of the environment, including air, water, sunlight, soil, temperature, and climate. Soil engineering sectional committee had been approved by the civil engineering division council. The process whereby soils become acidic over a period of time as a. Natural soil aggregates, such as granules, blocks, or prisms, are called. Soil and environmental science dictionary 1st edition e. General agricultural science inft of soil in very fine.
Many types of bacteria can cause diseases, but others can be very helpful to humans. Aggregates soil aggregates are soil lumps of a range of sizes. Pdf soil, definition, function, and utilization of soil. A phase of the study of agronomy dealing with the relation of yield to the quantity of an added fertilizer element. Sep 22, 2008 more than 1800 terms are included in this revised glossary. It is prepared for the international society of soil science and deals with terms used in the study, prevention and treatment of soil erosion by rain. The term implies that wood will rot when dry, which is not true. Underlined words in definitions are explained elsewhere in the glossary. Soil profile a section of the soil that has been cut vertically to expose all its horizons, or layers. Home october 1979 volume 128 issue 4 glossary of soil micromorphology, 1979. This is the layer of mineral soil with the most organic matter accumulation and soil life. Soil texture soil texture is determined by the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay in the soil. Commonly, such soil formed in recent alluvium or on steep rocky slopes. Glossary of terms used in soil and landscape science nsw.
Both a way of life and a means of life for the people involved in. The process of mixing decaying leaves, manure and other nutritive matter to improve and fertilize soil. The science and business of raising and harvesting fish in a controlled situation. Alphabetical listing of soil terms, az 2008 asa, cssa. Glossary of soil science terms crop science society of america. Soil landscape terminology extremely and strongly acid soils with laboratory. Graph showing the percentage of sand, silt, and clay in the soil texture classes pdf. Also, the rolling or pushing of particles along the ground surface by wind. Agrology soil science dealing specially with production of crop. That portion of the water below the surface of the ground at a pressure equal to, or greater than, that of the atmosphere. The glossary of geology gg, 2005 serves as a major source for many glossary terms. Purchase elseviers dictionary of soil science 1st edition. May be an important part of nutrient cycling in some ecosystems.
Index of permeability problems, based upon water quality. Subjects covered include soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation, forest and range soils, nutrient management and soil and plant analysis, mineralogy, wetland soils, and soils and environmental. Process whereby soil becomes acid ph soil leaching occurs. Descriptive terms used here with certain ranges in. The physical arrangement of soil particles into soil aggregates. General agricultural science inft of soil in very fine sandy. The term is also sometimes used to refer to the dried residue of wood decay. Official glossary of landform and geologic termspdf document glossary of terms for subaqueous soils. These proportions are placed into various classes to aid in communicating to others the significance of the various combinations. Glossary of technical terms 5 11 food and agriculture. Link to sssa glossary of soil science terms official glossary of landform and geologic terms pdf document glossary of terms for subaqueous soils. Science glossary grade 4 adaptation a characteristic of an organism that increases its chance of survival in its environment atmosphere the layers of gas that surround earth, other planets, or stars atom the smallest unit of a chemical element that can still retain the properties of that element. Just read on the following glossary to get a quick idea about some interesting terms. This layer is not usually selected in soil surveys.
Glossary of soil science terms 1 a a,adipyridyl a dye that when dissolved in 1 n ammonium acetate is used to detect the presence of reduced iron fe ii in the soil. An aerated soil is a soil with a good movement of air through the soil structure. Soil formed under naturally wet or waterlogged conditions as evidenced by grey colours stemming from the reduction, under anaerobic conditions, of ferric iron to the ferrous state. Glossary of soil science terms crop science society of. A glossary of common forestry terms 6 dry rot a wood decay caused by specialized fungi that has some ability to transport water. Soil organic carbon loss refers to the decline of organic carbon stock in the soil affecting its fertility status and climate change regulation capacity. Glossary of terms used in soil and landscape science. Soil organic matter consists of 50 to 58 percent soil organic carbon. This glossary of crop science terms was developed by a number of ad hoc committees of the crop science society of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of crop science. Soil is capable of supporting plant life and is vital to life on earth. Glossary of soil science terms 2008 asa, cssa, and sssa books. Additional crop terminology information common names pdf scientific names and use pdf selected bibliography pdf. Loose, permeable till deposited during the final downwasting of glacial ice.
Thanks are expressed to the many members of the society who have aided in the development of this glossary over the years. Uptake of matter or energy by a substance acid soil. This dictionary includes some 9200 terms, each with a definition and often and additional descriptive text in english, the terms being tr. The process whereby soils become acidic over a period of time as a result of. Glossary of soil science terms, 20 adjusted sodium adsorption ratio adj. Oct 16, 2017 here list of glossary of biology terms and definition. Agronomy science of soil management and production of crop. Definitions are taken directly or adapted from soil and environmental science dictionary. In a wellaerated soil, the soil air is very similar in composition to the atmosphere above the soil.
Glossary of soilrelated terms homepage soil portal. Soil and environmental science dictionary defines terms accurately and clearly for professionals working in areas such as agronomy, building construction, civil. Science is a very vast subject that has innumerable words, terms, definitions, etc. Soil structure is described by the shape of the soil aggregates and how they form in the soil profile e. This glossary of soil science terms was an ad hoc committee of the soil science of america to. Wormholes and illuvial clay, silt, and humus occupy at least 5% of the horizon by volume. Classified into two major groups composing a humic and nonhumic substances. Glossary of soil science terms, reprinted springerlink.
This glossary of soil science terms was an ad hoc committee of the soil science of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of soil science. To read the fulltext of this research, you can request a copy directly from the author. Glossary of technical terms on land, tenure and water absolute water scarcity is the insufficiency of supply to satisfy total demand after all feasible options to enhance supply and manage demand have been implemented. This leads to an alluvial deposit forming in the water. Glossary of crop science terms crop science society of. It is also true that the study of soils can be both fascinating and intellectually satisfying. In soil science, the slow movement of soil down a slope under the force of gravity. New material will be added as needed check back often. In these soils, it is very important to maintain high levels of organic matter. The following article has a glossary list that will help you understand these difficult scientific terms and definitions at a glance. This process differs from absorption where a materialthe absorbateis dissolved in the soil solution. Glossary of crop science terms american society of agronomy. Aerated soil an aerated soil is a soil with a good movement of air through the soil structure.
A fundamental knowledge of soil science is a prerequisite to meeting the many natural resource challenges that will face humanity in the 21st century. Soil science division staff and ncss participants are encouraged to propose additions and changes to the glossary for use in pedon descriptions, soil map unit descriptions, and soil survey publications. Lenses of crudely sorted sand and gravel are common. This article is a glossary of more than 1800 terms related to soil science. Also included are a limited number of closely associated subaerial terms to provide a more complete suite of terms for the lagoonestuarine environment. The soil science society defines soil health as the capacity of a specific kind of soil to function, within natural or managed ecosystem boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality, and support human health and habitation. This glossary of crop science terms was developed by a number of ad hoc committees of the crop science society of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of crop science available to download. The glossary is very useful to geologists, geographers, and mineral explorers, and those working in the environmental, soil, and agricultural sciences, as well as earth science teachers. List of important biology terms and definitions vidyagyaan. Geology is an interesting subject in knowing history of earth creation, creature evolution, ancient earth life and earth. The utilization of biological processes on farms to produce food and other products useful and necessary to man. Glossary of soil science terms 2008 asa, cssa, and sssa.
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